Development of Reinforcement.

İnternational Design Codes

ACI 318-19 : https://idecad.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/T2EB/pages/1804405953

TSC 2018 : TSC Development of Reinforcement

Symbols in ACI 318-19

ψ_e = factor used to modify development length based on reinforcement coating
ψ_g = factor used to modify development length based on grade of reinforcement
ψ_s = factor used to modify development length based on reinforcement size
ψ_t = factor used to modify development length for casting location in tension
λ = modification factor to reflect the reduced mechanical properties of lightweight concrete relative to normalweight concrete of the same compressive strength
K_tr = transverse reinforcement index, in.
A_tr = total cross-sectional area of all transverse reinforcement within spacing s that crosses the potential plane of splitting through the reinforcement being developed, in.²
d_b = nominal diameter of bar, wire, or prestressing strand, in
f'_c = specified comprehensive strength of concrete, psi
f_y = specified yield strength of nonprestressed reinforcement, psi
l_d = development length in tension of deformed bar, deformed wire, plain and deformed welded wire reinforcement, or pretensioned strand, in.
s = center-to-center spacing of items, such as longitudinal reinforcement, transverse reinforcement, tendons, or anchors, in.